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Humane World for Animals

Formerly the Humane Society of the United States (HSUS)

Rescue coordinationFederal policy & lobbyingUndercover investigationsFounded 1954 · Washington, D.C.
3,776
Beagles transported
Envigo rescue, summer 2022
~100 days
Undercover at Charles River
Mattawan facility, 2018
17+
State beagle-freedom laws
HSUS-tracked adoption mandates
$1.9M
Court-ordered restitution
DOJ sentencing, Oct 2024

Organization Overview

The Humane Society of the United States rebranded as “Humane World for Animals” in 2024, with its lobbying affiliate operating as the Humane World Action Fund (formerly Humane Society Legislative Fund). It remains one of the largest animal protection organizations in the world, operating across factory farming, wildlife protection, pet welfare, and animal testing policy.

The lab-animal program is not a standalone division with a discrete budget line. Instead it is split across (a) an issue/campaign program focused on research-testing policy and corporate/government change, and (b) an operational rescue capability used when lab-animal supply chains collapse or animals are seized. The program most directly responsible is publicly framed as “Animal testing and research,” led by Vice President for Animal Research Issues Kathleen Conlee (as of March 2026).

The Animal Rescue Team (ART) is the operational arm that executes physical transfers. Key ART personnel publicly tied to beagle operations include Miguel Abi-hassan, Adam Parascandola, and Jessica Johnson. HSUS positions itself as a mainstream institutional actor — working within legal and political systems rather than through direct action — giving it access to federal enforcement agencies, courts, and policymakers that more confrontational organizations cannot reach.

The Envigo Beagle Rescue

Key Finding
The DOJ specifically requested HSUS to lead the removal of beagles from the Envigo RMS facility in Cumberland, Virginia. HSUS served as the “sole party responsible for coordinating the removal” of approximately 4,000 beagles under a transfer plan approved by the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Virginia. It was one of the largest animal rescues in U.S. history.
Detailed Timeline
May 18, 2022: DOJ executes search warrant; seizes 445+ dogs needing urgent medical treatment.
May 2022: DOJ lawsuit filed alleging extensive AWA violations at the Cumberland facility.
Early Jul 2022: DOJ requests HSUS to lead removal. HSUS begins building transport/placement plan during peak shelter-capacity season.
Jul 21, 2022: First group of 400+ beagles removed under court-approved plan.
Jul–Aug 2022: Staged removal continues. Staff drive 1,801+ miles with beagles; 359 flown to partners via air transport.
Sep 1, 2022: Final group of 312 beagles removed. Total: 3,776 transported. HSUS declares “mission accomplished.”
Oct 2024: Envigo sentenced; $1.9M ordered paid to HSUS for direct assistance to investigation.
The 4,145 vs. 3,776 Discrepancy
HSUS materials use two different totals. The “historic surrender of 4,145 beagles” includes the urgent-removal cohort seized under the search warrant plus later transfers and births. The operational “transport” figure most often repeated is 3,776 — the mass-transfer cohort handled by ART during the 60-day window.
Homeward Trails: The Intake Hub
Homeward Trails Animal Rescue (Fairfax Station, VA; founder/ED Sue Bell) had a pre-existing agreement with Envigo for 500 “surplus” beagles, giving it operational experience before the mass transfer began. At least 488 dogs were routed through Homeward Trails onward to partners. The organization reported a 100% adoption success rate for beagles it processed. By late 2023, HSUS stated all 3,776 beagles “now have loving homes.”
Behavioral Rehabilitation
Envigo beagles arrived identified by ear tattoo codes, not names. Many exhibited fear of outdoor noises, unfamiliarity with household environments, and difficulty with basic activities like walking on grass or climbing stairs. Shelters described the dogs as “learning to be dogs.” HSUS attributed these challenges to upstream neglect: contaminated food, denial of food to nursing mothers, and puppy deaths from cold exposure.
Why This Matters
The Envigo rescue generated $2.2M in public donations. Separately, DOJ's October 2024 sentencing ordered Envigo to pay approximately $1.9M to HSUS for “direct assistance provided to the investigation.” These figures should not be interpreted as the total cost of rehoming 4,000 beagles — partner shelters bore substantial unreported costs for medical intake, spay/neuter, staffing, and behavioral rehabilitation.

Charles River Mattawan Investigation (2018–2019)

Key Finding
HSUS conducted a covert investigation lasting nearly 100 days at a Charles River Laboratories contract testing facility in Mattawan, Michigan, documenting “nearly two dozen” experiments involving dogs — including a one-year pesticide inhalation/dosing study involving 36 beagles. The undercover video, released March 12, 2019, generated over 310,000 petition signatures and forced the sponsor to cancel the study within days.
The Pesticide Study

The investigation centered on a one-year toxicity study involving 36 beagles being dosed daily with Corteva's fungicide Adavelt (active ingredient: florylpicoxamid). HSUS described the dosing as “force-feeding,” alleging doses were so high that multiple capsules had to be pushed down the dogs' throats. The study was commissioned by DowDuPont's agriculture division (now Corteva Agriscience) to meet Brazil market registration requirements.

The U.S. had eliminated its own one-year dog study requirement for pesticide registration more than a decade earlier. The dispute centered on international regulatory expectations — specifically Brazil's ANVISA (Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária).

Investigation Timeline
Apr–Aug 2018: HSUS undercover investigator works inside the Mattawan facility for nearly 100 days, documenting experiments across species.
Mar 12, 2019: HSUS releases undercover video and press materials. The video prominently features a beagle identified as “Harvey.”
Mar 18, 2019: Dow AgroSciences/Corteva announces it ended the one-year pesticide test after Brazil confirmed a waiver of the dog-study requirement.
Late Mar 2019: HSUS says it “convinced” Corteva to release the beagles to Michigan Humane Society for rehabilitation and adoption.
Apr 2019: Beagles arrive at Michigan Humane; behavioral assessments begin. Dogs had never walked on leashes or been outdoors.
Apr 23, 2019: Adoptions underway. Multiple outlets report 32 beagles placed — creating an unresolved “36 vs. 32” discrepancy.
Companies Named in the Investigation
HSUS's materials named four entities whose work was depicted or described in the released footage: Dow AgroSciences / Corteva Agriscience (pesticide study), Paredox Therapeutics (drug study featuring beagle “Harvey”), and Above and Beyond NB, LLC. Paredox later sued Charles River in 2020 alleging trade-secret dissemination by the undercover employee (case 1:20-cv-10464, D. Mass.).
Media Impact
Coverage spanned Michigan Public, Fortune, ABC13, FOX affiliates, and STAT News. HSUS's petition drive reached 100,000+ signatures within days and exceeded 310,000 by March 19, 2019. The “Cruel Tests on Dogs Exposed!” YouTube video surpassed 200,000 views. Charles River issued a statement asserting it follows federal laws and international standards, but no public description of post-investigation changes to hiring or security screening has been documented.
Methodology Caveat
The “36 vs. 32” beagle discrepancy remains unresolved in public sources. Thirty-six beagles were associated with the pesticide study, but only 32 appear in adoption-phase reporting. Whether any died, were removed for medical reasons, or were otherwise excluded before transfer has not been publicly clarified.

Be Cruelty-Free Campaign

HSUS's “Be Cruelty-Free” campaign targets cosmetics and chemical testing that relies on animal models, including dog studies. The Charles River Mattawan investigation is highlighted in HSUS's 2022 annual report as a major pre-Envigo lab-animal initiative under this campaign umbrella.

The campaign operates internationally through Humane Society International and has contributed to multiple U.S. state laws banning the sale of animal-tested cosmetics. HSUS and its legislative affiliate formally endorsed the federal Humane Cosmetics Act approach in congressional materials, framing it as an explicit move away from cosmetic animal testing.

Legislative & Policy Work

FDA Modernization Act 2.0
Signed December 29, 2022. Broadened the definition of allowable “nonclinical tests” to include non-animal methods. HSUS mobilized supporters for H.R. 2565 and shifted post-enactment to implementation pressure — filing a May 2024 regulatory petition to accelerate FDA adoption of New Approach Methodologies. By 2025–2026, FDA issued roadmaps and guidance stating animal testing should become “the exception rather than the rule.” Industry voices (e.g., the National Association for Biomedical Research) argued the act “may not materially change” FDA's drug approval process and “does not eliminate animal testing for drugs.”
NIH Rehoming Policy (October 2025)
Effective October 1, 2025, NIH updated policy so grant recipients can charge rehoming/retirement costs for experimental animals (NOT-OD-25-163). NIH's March 2026 guidance “supports and encourages” adoption/rehoming after research — but emphasizes it is “completely optional” and up to each institution. HSUS framed this as a major policy win in its broader push toward “human-based research technologies.”
State Beagle Freedom Laws
HSUS tracks 16 states with enacted research dog/cat adoption laws (as of December 2023) and claims direct involvement in Colorado becoming the 17th state. Virginia's 2022 “beagle bills” package — signed by Governor Youngkin after the Envigo scandal — restricted cited breeders/dealers from selling dogs for experiments and added recordkeeping requirements (effective July 1, 2023).
Class B Dealer Prohibition
HSUS states that “random source” Class B dealers “have not been allowed to operate since 2015 when Congress first passed legislation to prevent them from being licensed.” The 2023 federal spending package made permanent the prohibition on USDA issuing Class B random-source dealer licenses. The National Academies previously concluded such dealers were not necessary for NIH-funded research.
Toxic Substances Control Act Reform
HSUS claims it “led the campaign” to reform TSCA to include statutory direction to reduce and eliminate new animal testing in chemical safety evaluation. This sits within a broader regulatory strategy targeting EPA, FDA, and NIH adoption of New Approach Methods (NAMs) as alternatives to animal-based toxicity studies.

Key People

Kathleen Conlee
VP, Animal Research Issues
Leads HSUS's animal testing/research policy program. Testified before Congress on the Humane Cosmetics Act and FDA modernization. Primary public spokesperson on lab-animal policy.
Miguel Abi-hassan
Animal Rescue Team
Quoted in HSUS's July 13, 2022 press release about the Envigo transfer operation. Operational leadership for the beagle removal logistics.
Adam Parascandola
Animal Rescue Team
Quoted in later Envigo coverage reflecting on the operation and in statements tied to accountability milestones, including the DOJ sentencing.
Jessica Johnson
Animal Rescue Team
Quoted in HSUS/Humane World anniversary coverage of the Envigo rescue, reflecting on the one-year outcomes of transported beagles.

Timeline: Lab-Animal Milestones

1954HSUS founded in Washington, D.C.
2015Congress first passes legislation preventing USDA from licensing Class B random-source dealers.
Apr 2018HSUS undercover investigator begins ~100-day stint inside Charles River Mattawan facility.
Mar 2019Undercover video released; 310,000+ petition signatures; Corteva cancels pesticide study; beagles transferred to Michigan Humane.
May 2022DOJ files suit against Envigo; search warrant executed; 445+ dogs seized.
Jul 2022DOJ requests HSUS to lead Envigo removal; first 400+ beagles transported Jul 21.
Sep 2022Final beagles removed. Total: 3,776 transported to 120+ shelters across 29 states.
Dec 2022FDA Modernization Act 2.0 signed into law; Virginia “beagle bills” already enacted.
2023Federal spending package makes Class B dealer prohibition permanent. HSUS reports all Envigo beagles adopted.
May 2024HSUS files regulatory petition to accelerate FDA adoption of non-animal methods.
Jun 2024Envigo pleads guilty; largest-ever fine for AWA violations.
Oct 2024DOJ sentencing: Envigo ordered to pay $1.9M to HSUS; total penalties exceed $35M.
Oct 2025NIH policy allows grant recipients to charge rehoming/retirement costs (NOT-OD-25-163).
Mar 2026NIH adoption/rehoming guidance published; HSUS continues to brand Humane World for Animals.

Key Relationships

Sources

HSUS/Humane World press release, “Embarks on Beagle Transfer,” Jul 13, 2022. humaneworld.org

HSUS/Humane World press release, “4,000 Beagles: Mission Accomplished,” Sep 1, 2022. humaneworld.org

HSUS/Humane World, “One Year of Joy: Nearly 4,000 Beagles Freed,” 2023. humaneworld.org

HSUS 2022 Annual Report (HSUS-HSI_AR22.pdf). humaneworld.org

HSUS/GlobeNewswire, “Undercover Investigation Shows Plight of Dogs,” Mar 12, 2019. globenewswire.com

HSUS, “Victory: Dow AgroSciences Ends Pesticide Test on Beagles,” Mar 18, 2019. humaneworld.org

HSUS, “Breaking: Beagles Freed from Pesticide Testing Arrive at Michigan Humane,” Apr 2019. humaneworld.org

Michigan Public, “Beagles Force-Fed Fungicides in West Michigan Lab,” Mar 13, 2019. michiganpublic.org

Fortune, “Humane Society Undercover Operation Leads DowDuPont to End Testing,” Mar 19, 2019. fortune.com

STAT News, “Clinical Research Firm Sued Over Trade Secrets,” Mar 10, 2020. statnews.com

DOJ sentencing press release, Oct 24, 2024. justice.gov/usao-wdva

AP News, Envigo plea/fine coverage, Jun 2024. apnews.com

Washingtonian, “The Envigo Beagles Are Living Their Best Lives,” Dec 4, 2023. washingtonian.com

Washington Post, Envigo rescue donation coverage, Oct 17, 2022. washingtonpost.com

AWI, Court transfer plan document, Jul 5, 2022. awionline.org

NIH adoption/rehoming guidance, Mar 12, 2026. grants.nih.gov

NIH policy notice NOT-OD-25-163, Sep 25, 2025. grants.nih.gov

NABR press statement on FDA Modernization Act 2.0, Jan 12, 2023. nabr.org